Foucault on the Way Formal Institutions Regulate, Discipline or Train Us to Become Certain Kinds of Persons (Subjects)

Business, Privacy, and the Internet essays

Business, Privacy, and the Internet essays Organizations do have a right to know who is using their products, to a certain extent. This "right" surely should not exceed what the local grocery store can tell about its customers from observing them walking in the store, selecting certain items, and then purchasing them. In other words, information should not be obtained without consumer consent. We all know that information gathered from Internet sites is sold. In fact, 9 out of 10 web sites collect personal data. (Surmacz) There is no doubt that a personal rapport with consumers allows for a better relationship between the company and the customer. Among other things, this ensures that both parties are satisfied. The Federal Trade Commission notes that there are two ways in which companies retrieve information, which are procedural and substantive. Procedural principles let the consumer know that information is being gathered whereas substantive principles impose "substantive limitations" on the collection of data and how that data is used. (FTC) In order for both parties to be satisfied, each business must inform each customer if certain information is being To ensure proper safety procedures, the government should be in control of consumer privacy issues. In this day and age of corporate fraud, it is better to have an outside party regulate laws and prosecute cases (if need be). One step in this direction has been the establishment of the Fair Information Practice Principles, which contain a set of five core principles, better known as the "fair information practices." These five principles are notice/awareness, choice/consent,access/participation, integrity/security, and enforcement/redress. (FTC) Every set of these principles includes consumer consent, which is a step in the right direction as far as privacy is concerned. This clearly states that web sites should notify consumers that information is bei...

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Leadership - Essay Example It is importÐ °nt thÐ °t competing demÐ °nds Ð °nd Ð °pproÐ °ches not pÐ °rÐ °lyze mÐ °nÐ °gers but insteÐ °d provide cumulÐ °tive Ð °nd integrÐ °tive improvements to leÐ °dership effectiveness. In view of Ð °bove, current pÐ °per provides impiricÐ °l Ð °pproÐ °ch towÐ °rd the concpet of leÐ °dership. BÐ °sing on the book of ChÐ °rles MÐ °nz Ð °nd Henry Sims, The New SuperLeÐ °dership, where the principÐ °l of self-leÐ °dership is peoneered, present discussion covers theorieticÐ °l review Ð °nd prÐ °cticÐ °l implicÐ °tion of types of leÐ °dership. It is the Ð °im of this pÐ °per to present new content Ð °nd exÐ °mples designed to help leÐ °ders develop the kind of Ð °utonomous, quick-reÐ °cting workforce necessÐ °ry to thrive in these turbulent times. I first introduce the theory of leÐ °dership styles. Through the discussion of two types of leÐ °drship, I grÐ °duÐ °lly comme to the discussion of effective leÐ °dership techniques Ð °nd end up with personÐ °l model of leÐ °dership. Using the exÐ °mples of two leÐ °ders this pÐ °per is Ð ° greÐ °t reflection of efficient Ð °nd inefficient Ð °pproÐ °ch to leÐ °dership. DrÐ °wing on contemporÐ °ry exÐ °mples Ð °nd profiles, mÐ °ny from the high-tech Ð °nd informÐ °tion sectors, MÐ °nz Ð °nd Sims shÐ °tter the myth of the trÐ °ditionÐ °l, Ð °ggrÐ °ndized versions of "heroic" leÐ °dership. They show thÐ °t Ð ° leÐ °der truly becomes successful by turning followers into extrÐ °ordinÐ °ry self-leÐ °ders-pillÐ °rs of strength thÐ °t will support the orgÐ °nizÐ °tion Ð °t every level. They detÐ °il Ð ° series of Ð °ction-oriented steps through which the SuperLeÐ °der provides Ð °n opportunity for followers to express Ð °nd develop their own leÐ °dership skills-Ð °nd in the process become highly motivÐ °ted, dynÐ °mic contributors. Coercion, Ð °s Ð ° meÐ °ns of influencing the behÐ °vior of others, depends upon the expectÐ °tion of specified positive or negÐ °tive consequences. Coercive power requires thÐ °t the

Enterprise system Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Enterprise system - Assignment Example Peet’s coffee and tea had challenges managing their customer needs, finances and raw materials but all that changed with the implementation of the Enterprise Resource Planning system. The company is in a better position to guarantee quality Coffee and Tea products, managing finances better and having a competitive edge over its competitors. Businesses have been availed the Enterprise Resource Planning systems that make their work very easy in managing their customer needs, while maintaining the quality of products and services customers look for, as they grow and expand their customer base leading to high sales and profitability which is the dream of every business. Peet’s Coffee and Tea History Peet’s Coffee and Tea was founded in 1966 by Arthur Peet in Berkley California. Peet was a Dutch Immigrant who believed in absolute quality compared to quantity. In that case, he always insisted on maintaining good quality for the coffee and Tea he roasted in this company . Arthur Pete insisted on getting the best coffee there is in the world, import it and control its production to end up with a high quality product. Tasting for the coffee was done with absolute precision to maintain the quality established in the initial days. Peet believed in direct delivery to maintain the quality of the coffee. ... His coffee received mixed views from the first customers when he introduced it. While some claimed that the coffee smelt burnt, others appreciated the dark well blend quality coffee Peet introduced. Within no time, Peet’s coffee became popular among students, musicians, writers, artists and practically everyone in within the region. His coffee became so popular that some experts related the group of Peet’s coffee lovers to a cult. It was not well understood what was with his coffee and more and more people joined the club of taking and loving his coffee. This necessitated the opening of the second coffee shop which opened at Menlo Park. He opened the third outlet at Domingo Avenue in 1980. Three years later, Arthur Peet sold Peet’s Coffee and Tea for unknown reasons to Jerry Baldwin, who had founded Starbucks the same year with two other partners (International Directory of Company Histories, 2001). Baldwin also insisted on quality and went ahead to spread Peetâ €™s business principle of quality and not quantity. Baldwin continued with Starbucks and the performance of the venture surprised them. Within no time, they were opening their third store due to popularity of their coffee. Three years later in 1987, Baldwin sold Starbucks interestingly, to a former employee of Peet, Howard Schultz. The reasons for Baldwin selling Starbucks are not well known but is claimed that he stated that Starbucks was not as good as Peet’s Coffee and Tea. Peet’s Coffee and Tea was conservative in some ways and was not looking for expansion like Starbucks, which went on an expansion campaign from the 1980s. Rather, Peet’s coffee and Tea was looking for reputation among customers and the only way that would be

A critical review of the role of ICT in the teaching of English and Essay

A critical review of the role of ICT in the teaching of English and mathematics - Essay Example Consequently, the article examines how game formats influence the teaching of mathematics within educational websites (Scanlon et al., 2005). There has been a shift in mathematics calculations that emphasizes mathematics in context contrary to the traditional aspect of abstract calculations. From this perspective, it is also believed that teaching mathematics in context proves to be more motivating. The authors argued that despite presenting real-world variables, traditional approaches towards mathematics do not consider such variables in the process of responding to questions. This qualifies the use of ICT, which according to the authors, incorporates considerable potential in the process of teaching mathematics in context (Buckingham and Scanlon, 2004). Application of computer games such as Gridclub utilises practical and real life examples in mathematics exercises. The technology accompanies the process with background sound mechanisms that describe the surround environment as well as actions. This is contrary to written text that ignores the aspect of human nature in real situations. In this case, application of ICT a ppears deliberate in setting mathematics within realistic context and it provides captivating context in the learning process (Scanlon et al., 2005). In my opinion, mathematics is the application of the conceptual ideas of science. In this case, science is represented by theories that explain in words the characteristics of a particular scenario. Therefore, the use of computer games promotes learning of mathematics amongst children owing to motivating factors behind the process. This is because mathematics in context brings the technical aspect of any learning, therefore breaking the monotony of the theoretical aspect. Therefore, in one way or another both concepts are necessary for effective learning to take place. Scanlon and

C-H Bending Vibrations of Benzene Rings

C-H Bending Vibrations of Benzene Rings Vibrational analysis or IR spectrum or Vibrational assignment or Analysis of vibrational spectra: C-H vibrations The C-H stretching vibration present in the hetero aromatic structure lies in the characteristic region 3100-3000cm-1, in which the bands are not affected noticeably by the nature of substituent’s. All the C-H stretching vibrations are weak in intensity. In our case the C-H stretching vibrations were observed at 3083, 3063, 3031 cm-1 in FT-IR spectrum. The calculated wavenumbers at the range 3117–3042 cm-1 (mode no’s: 174–167, 165, 163,162) are assigned to C-H stretching vibrations. All bands have very weak intensities and were obtained in the expected region. As expected, these modes are pure stretching modes as it is evident from TED column in Table 2; they almost contribute around 100%. The C-H bending vibrations of benzene rings for the title compound are observed in the range from 1100 to 1613 cm-1, however some vibrations of the title compound observed at values 1576, 1535, 1375, 1277, 1241, 1182, 1097 cm-1 respectively are mixed with CC and SO stretching vibrations. The C-H in-plane bending frequencies appear in the range 1000–1300 cm-1 and are very useful for characterization purpose Ring vibrations The ring stretching vibrations are very much important in the spectrum of aromatic compounds and are highly distinctive of the aromatic ring itself. However, empirical assignments of vibrational modes for peaks in the fingerprint region are difficult. The C=C stretching vibrations are generally observed at 1400-1600 cm-1 in benzene derivatives which are assigned to ring vibrations. In general, the bands are of variable intensity and observed at 1625–1590, 1590–1575, 1540–1470, 1460–1430 and 1380–1280 cm-1 from the frequency ranges given by Varsanyi for the five bands in the fingerprint region. In the present compound, the C=C stretching vibrations are observed at 1592, 1561 and 1464cm-1 in FTIR spectrum. The calculated theoretical values were 1584, 1576, 1562, 1553, 1552 and 1535 cm-1 by B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) method shows excellent agreement with the experimental values. The C-C stretching vibration is expected at 1450-1250cm-1. The peaks are observed at 1399 and 1375cm-1 in FTIR are assigned to C-C stretching vibrations. The calculated wave numbers at 1375, 1360, 1286, 1277, 1273, 1252, 1182, 1166, 1150 and 1010cm-1 were assigned C-C stretching vibrations by DFT Method. The C-C-C in-plane and out-of-plane bending vibrations are the modes associated with smaller force constants than the stretching ones, and hence assigned to lower frequencies. The in-plane deformation vibration is at higher frequencies than the out-of plane vibrations. Shimanouchi et al. gave the frequency data for these vibrations for different benzene derivatives as a result of normal coordinate analysis. Although some modes are missing in experimental spectrum, however, the calculated CCC in-plane and out-of-plane bending modes are found to be consistent with the recorded spectral values, as seen in Table 2. The mode no’s 40, 44, 45, 51, 60, 61, 64 and 66 were identified as C-C-C-C torsional deformation Ï„(CCCC) modes these are shown in Table 2. Methyl group vibrations The C-H asymmetric stretching vibrations of CH3 groups are expected in the range 2950-3050 cm-1 and the symmetric stretching vibrations in the range 2900-2950 cm-1 [roeges, colthup]. The calculated values of the asymmetric stretching vibrational modes of the methyl group are 3051, 3011, 3009, 2989, 2975, 2961cm-1 using DFT/B3LYP with 6-311g (d, p) basis set and observed at 2998, 2923 cm-1 in FT-IR spectrum, whereas the values of the symmetric stretching vibrational modes are 2937, 2910 and 2864 cm-1 and at 2880 and 2859cm-1 in FTIR spectrum. The symmetrical and asymmetrical bending vibration involves in-phase and out-of-phase bending of the C-H bonds. The asymmetrical deformations are expected in the range 1400-1485cm-1 [roeges]. The bands observed at 1464, 1448 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum are assigned as the methyl asymmetrical deformation and the calculated values are at 1448, 1438, 1437, 1431, 1428, 1426, 1423cm-1 by DFT. The methyl symmetric deformations appears with an intensity varying from medium to strong and expected in the range 1380Â ±25cm-1. These bands have been observed at 1399, 1375cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum and calculated theoretically at 1383, 1361 cm-1. The CH3 rocking generally appears in the regions 1150Â ±30 and 875Â ±45 cm-1, the wave number is coupled to the CC stretching vibrations, which occurs in the neighborhood of 900 cm-1. The rocking modes of the CH3 group are observed at 759cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum and calculated at 1168, 1138, 1129, 1122, 1022, 1087, 969 cm-1 in DFT. The wavenumbers 115, 107,102, 82, 71 and 62 cm-1 of modes 15, 14, 13, 11, 10 and 9 are due to methyl torsion. Methylene Vibrations The stretching vibrations CH2 group is expected in the region 2900-3000 cm-1. The deformation mode of CH2 is expected in regions 1480-1400cm-1(scissoring), 1380-1150cm-1(wagging twisting) and 800-710 cm-1(rocking). In this study, the bands at 2923 and 2859cm-1 has been assigned to CH2 asymmetric and symmetric vibrations in FT-IR spectrum and computed theoretically at 3044, 2945 cm-1 by DFT. The deformation mode of CH2 are assigned at 1431, 1364, 1340, 699 cm-1 theoretically and bands are observed in the FT-IR spectrum at 1448, 1375, 710 cm-1. SO2 vibrations The asymmetric stretching for the SO2, NH2, NO2, CH2 and CH3 etc has magnitude higher than the symmetric stretching.The asymmetric and symmetric stretching modes of SO2 group appear in the region 1360-1310 cm-1 and 1165-1135 cm-1.The stretching vibrations of SO2 for sulfonamide derivatives as reported by Chohan et al. [Z.H. Chohan, M.H. Youssoufi, A. Jarrahpour, and T.B. Hadda, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 45 (2010) 1189–1199] are 1345 and 1110 cm-1 and Hangen et al [A. Hangen, A. Bodoki, L. Opren, G. Alznet, M. Liu-Gonzalez, J. Borras, Polyhedron 29 (2010) 1305–1313] at 1314, 1308, 1274, 1157, 1147, 1133cm-1 respectively. In the present study, the asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibration of SO2 group is observed as very strong peak at 1348cm-1 and 1163 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum and 1260, 1241, 1083 and 1040cm-1 theoretically assigned to SO2 stretching modes. The SO2 scissoring and wagging vibrations occur in the range 570Â ±60cm-1 and 520Â ±40cm-1. The corresponding bands are observed for the title compound at 544cm-1 and 499cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum. Carbonyl ester group vibration The carbonyl compound are added functional group includes the C=O bond, also provide very profound contributions to the spectrum. The C=O stretching vibration exhibits a strong band in the region 1600-1750 cm-1. For the title compound , the stretching vibration of C=O is characterized by very strong peak appearing at 1727 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum and at 1721cm-1 theoretically which shows a perfect agreement with experimental result. Methyl ester has the strong absorption bands about the C–O asymmetric stretching modes at 1315–1195 cm−1 and symmetric stretching modes at 1096–900 cm−1. In present case, the strong peak is observed for C-O-C stretching vibrations at 1257 cm-1 and 961 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum, corresponding to the computed wavenumber 1225cm-1 and 954cm-1, is assigned to the C-O-C stretching vibration. The band at 961 cm−1 in FT-IR spectrum has been assigned to O–CH3 stretching mode. The band at 857(818) cm−1 in FT-IR spectrum is assigned to C–O–C in-plane deformation mode. The band at 784(760) cm−1 in IR spectrum is out-plane deformation mode. The methyl ester has also two characterized vibration modes in 530–340 cm−1 and 390–250 cm−1 region, corresponding to the CO–O rocking and COC deformation. The DFT calculation gives CO-O rocking and COC deformation at 354 and 242 cm-1. C-S, S-N, N-C and ON vibrations C-Cl vibration The C-Cl bonds are formed in benzene ring in place of hydrogen atoms. The stretching vibration is observed in the strong bands at 760-370cm-1. Since, the title compound has two chlorine atoms, the C-Cl stretching vibrations are observed at 757 cm-1,733 cm-1 in FTIR spectrum. The theoretically calculated values by B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) method at 743 cm-1 , 724 cm-1 and 380 cm-1 is assigned to C-Cl Stretching vibrations is coincides very well with the experimental value. Due to longer bond length() of C-Cl reduction in force constant occurs and C-Cl stretching falls in the lower frequency region.

Identity Formation in Mansfield’s The Garden Party Essays -- The Garde

  Ã‚  "The budding rose above the rose full blown," writes William Henry Wordsworth, elevating the process of emerging, changing and evolving over those already developed, established and matured. While Wordsworth’s remark regards a rose, the statement also accurately describes Katherine Mansfield’s protagonist in The Garden Party. The narrative focuses on a wealthy family from New Zealand, jaded by elite lifestyle and prominent social standing. The youngest daughter, Laura, "the budding rose" of the story, seeks to break the constraints of upper class society, causing her to be both more mature and compassionate than other members of her well to do family. Laura’s internal struggle, the main conflict of Mansfield’s story, is one of identity, and she oscillates between imitating environmental influences and reacting to them in a manner that is unique to her individual personality. Throughout the course of the story, the pendulum of her conscience swings to converse sides, causing her actions to be inconsistent and without allegiance to either her family’s upperclass exclusive ways or to her inherent qualities of equality and empathy. This varying behavior causes critics to dispute over Laura’s "true" personality, motives and objectives. While some critics believe that her sympathetic efforts are an attempt at rebelling from the expectations of her class, others believe that she is an empathetic individual without a supportive family. Another group of critics believe that the story presents only the initiation of Laura’s kindness, suggesting that she will continue to flourish into a compassionate person on the outskirts of upper class society; others refute this view, stating that The Garden Party portrays the extent of Laura’s d... ... Daly, Saralyn R. "Katherine Mansfield" New York: Twayne Publishers; 1914. Kleine,Don W. "’The Garden Party’: A Portrait of the Artist,"Criticism, Vol. V No. 4 Fall, 1963, pp.360-371. Kobbler, J.F. "Katherine Mansfield. A Study of the Short Fiction". Twayne Publishers. Boston: 1991 Mansfield, Katherine. "The Garden Party. Norton Anthology Ed. M.H. Abrams W.W Norton & Company: New York, London, 1996, 1996 pp. 2510-2520 Pilditch, Jan. "Reference Guide to Short Fiction, 1st Ed.", St. James Press, 1994. Rich, Jennifer. "’The Garden Party’ and Other Short Stories by Katherine Mansfield". Satterfield, Ben. "Irony in ‘The Garden Party.’" Ball State University Forum Vol. XXIII No. 1, Winter, 1982 pp. 68-74. Sorkin, Adam J. "Katherine Mansfield’s ‘The Garden Party’: Style and Social Occasion" Modern Fiction Studies Vol. 24, 1978, pp.439-455.